Markus Diantoro, Nuviya Illa Muthi Aturroifah, Ishmah Luthfiyah, Joko Utomo, Ida Hamidah, Brian Yuliarto, Andrivo Rusydi, Santi Maensiri, Worawat Meevasana
Activated carbon derived from biomass is an environmentally friendly and low-cost supercapacitor electrode material. The diverse morphology and pore shape of activated carbon have a significant impact on enhancing the storage capacity of supercapacitors. However, the disparate distribution of pore sizes in activated carbon has a negative effect on energy density. In the present study, the synthesis and modification of the carbon pore structure of Manihot esculenta tuber and Bambusa blumeana stem was carried out using a sonochemical-assisted hydrothermal method with various chemicals (0.06 M KOH, 0.06 M PVP, 0.06 M ZnCl2). The 3D pore structure of the sample modified with 0.06 M ZnCl2 exhibited a well-defined microporous architecture and a substantial specific surface area of 516.29 m2g−1, leading to excellent electrochemical performance in coin cell supercapacitors. A high power density of 1086.12 Wkg−1 at a voltage window of 2 V has been attained, with a corresponding current density of 0.3 Ag−1. Remarkably, after 5000 charge and discharge cycles, the capacitance retention was maintained at 90.8 %. The high power density produced from biomass activated carbon based on Manihot esculenta tuber and Bambusa blumeana stem modified using 0.06 M ZnCl2 provides a practical approach for environmentally friendly electrical energy storage devices and realizes rapid mass transportation. © 2025 The Authors
Departement of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Engineering and Vocational Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi 207, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia; Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory, Department of Engineering Physics, Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB), Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 5 Research Link, Singapore, 117603, Singapore; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
