Adelima Dyah Kartika, Siti Zubaidah, Heru Kuswantoro
Heterosis is an important trait in the development of hybrid varieties. Information on heterosis characteristics on the morphology and anatomy of soybean leaves is essential concerning the determination of a potential parent for the development of high yielding superior varieties. This study aimed to analyze the heterosis of morphology and anatomy characters of F1 soybean leaves derived from Argomulyo varieties and CpMMV-resistant lines. This study used a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the highest estimated heterosis in petiol diameters was shown by the hybrids of UM 4.1 x Argomulyo cross (the result of soybean crossing of UM 4.1 line with Argomulyo soybean varieties). The character of leaf length had a difference in heterosis value of 76.97%, leaf width of 72.87%, and petiol length of 80.74%, namely hybrid Argomulyo x UM 6.1 cross. On the petiol diameter characters of 17 combinations of crosses, there was only one hybrid cross that had a positive value with a difference in the value of 81.29 % UM 4.1 x Argomulyo, while 16 other hybrids were negative. The Argomulyo x UM 3.4 crosses consistently showed heterosis on the character of leaf length, leaf width, petiol length, and leaf ratio. F1 derived from Argomulyo x UM 3.2 crosses had a positive heterosis value on the character of upper surface trichomes, while Argomulyo x UM 7.3 had a negative heterotic value on the lower surface trichome characters and the upper surface trichomes. In the character of the lower surface trichome of 17 of crosses, there were two combinations of crosses that had a positive heterosis value with the difference of 24.27% and 36.93%, namely UM 3.4 x Argomulyo and UM 4.1. x Argomulyo, while other crosses were negative. The UM 4.1 x Argomulyo cross was the best hybrid in all leaf anatomical characters. In all leaf anatomical characters, there were four crosses that had negative heterosis, namely Argomulyo x UM 2.4, Argomulyo x UM 7.3, UM 6.2 x Argomulyo, and UM 7.3 x Argomulyo. © 2020 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No 5, Malang, Jawa Timur, 64145, Indonesia; Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Jl. Raya Kendalpayak Km.8, Malang, East Java, 65101, Indonesia
