Uun Yanuhar, Heru Suryanto, Susanto Arif Sardjono, Irma K. Ningrum, Aminnudin Aminnudin, J.S. Binoj
The purpose of this study was to see the effect of adding TiO2 nanoparticles had on the characteristics of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-based membranes. Pellicles were created from the pineapple peel waste extract, and to obtain BNC, pellicle was disintegrated in six cycles using high-pressure homogenizer at 150 bar. The concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles in the membrane reinforcement solution were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 wt.%. They were sonicated and dried in an oven at 60°C for 8 h. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, roughness test, mechanical properties, and scanning electron microscopy were investigated to explore its claims. The results revealed that diffraction pattern of BNC/TiO2 membrane has a new peak at 25.05° that ensures the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles as well as diffraction peak occurred at 22.49°, which indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ. Moreover, the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles until 1.5 wt.%, the crystallinity index is relatively same and the optimum strength of 99.5 MPa was attained. Further, improvement in addition of TiO2 nanoparticle at 2 wt.% showed a decline in crystallinity index as 80.16% to 74.72% at 2.5 wt.%. The morphology of the membrane surface revealed that TiO2 nanoparticles were still agglomerated and not equally distributed across the BNC membrane, leading to increase in surface roughness. © 2022 Taylor & Francis.
Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, East Java, Indonesia; Center of Excellence for Cellulose Composite (CECCom), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Centre of Advanced Material for Renewable Energy (CAMRY), Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java, Indonesia; Center of Excellence for Cellulose Composite (CECCom), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
