Andoko Andoko, Femiana Gapsari, Kuncoro Diharjo, Sanjay M R, Suchart Siengchin
Timoho fiber (TF) is a biodegradable bio-fiber rich in cellulose and a renewable agro textile fiber rich in cellulose polysaccharides. Isolation of micro cellulose from TF is an alternative reinforcement approach in a bio-composite application. This study characterized TF obtained from isolation employing FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDS, and TGA using hydrolysis. Pretreatment was done using alkaline, bleaching, and hydrolysis. FTIR confirmed that the maximum amount of noncellulosic materials had been removed from TF. The XRD result showed that hydrolysis treatment increased the crystal size and crystallinity index of the TF (88.68 %). TGA also revealed that the highest thermal stability had been found in the hydrolyzed TF. The micro cellulose TF represented an interesting source of cellulose reinforcing materials, and it might be continued in the form of nano cellulose. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, State University of Malang, Semarang 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Brawijaya University, Haryono 167, MT, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami 36, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia; Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand