Denny Bernardus, Fulgentius Danardana Murwani, Imanuel Deny Krisna Aji, Wirawan E.D. Radianto, Liestya Padmawidjaja, Stefan Yudana Jatiperwira, Imanuel Hitipeuw, Gabriel Henry Jacob
The study aims to verify the validity and reliability of the entrepreneurial mindset scale in the Indonesian context (i.e., the adapted EM scale). The respondents were 302 undergraduate students who have already enrolled in the entrepreneurship course. In order to achieve the aim of study, a scale development procedure was conducted, including item generation, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Item generation was successful in generating the preliminary items of the entrepreneurial mindset scale, whereas exploratory factor analysis was also successful in purifying those preliminary items. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis was successful in verifying the convergent validity and the composite reliability of the adapted EM scale. The adapted EM scale was a parsimonious measurement model, and therefore it could be useful for measuring the entrepreneurial mindset of undergraduate students in Indonesia. Future studies are recommended to refine the adapted EM scale: (1) by verifying it among students from other universities, (2) by using two different samples, in which one sample is for exploratory factor analysis and the other one is for confirmatory factor analysis, and (3) by testing the measurement invariance across groups (e.g., gender, age, and origin of university). © 2022 Bernardus et al.
Faculty members, Universitas Ciputra Surabaya, CitraLand CBD Boulevard, Surabaya, 67219, Indonesia; Faculty members, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; University of Erfurt, Nordhäuser Str. 63, Erfurt, 99089, Germany; Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technological University, Asian Pastoral Institute, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore