Aman Santoso, Asri Mulyaningsih, Sumari Sumari, Rini Retnosari, Adilah Aliyatulmuna, Indah Nur Pramesti, Muhammad Roy Asrori
Off Grade Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is known as renewable waste source. By catalytic cracking of Off Grade CPO, it is potential use for biogasoline. However, the production remains a problem from heterogeneous catalysis. Active site of α-Fe2O3 can be improved with metal impregnation of Cobalt (Co) and Molybdenum (Mo). Therefore, this study were: (1) to synthesize Co-Mo/α-Fe2O3 catalyst assisted by ultrasonic wave, and (2) to synthesize biogasoline from Off Grade CPO by catalytic cracking method using Co-Mo/α-Fe2O3 catalyst with determining the ratio effect of Co:Mo metal impregnation and the effect of its concentration. The steps included: (1) synthesis of hematite (α-Fe2O3) with precipitation method, (2) impregnation of Co-Mo metal on hematite (α-Fe2O3) using the wet impregnation method with the ratio of addition of Co-Mo metal with 1:2; 1:1; 2:1, (3) catalytic cracking of Off Grade CPO using Co-Mo/α-Fe2O3 catalyst with concentration of 0.5%; 1%; and 1.5% w/w, and (4) Characterization and identification of biogasoline components using GC-MS and FTIR. The results showed that Co-Mo/α-Fe2O3 catalyst was successfully synthesized as confirmed by XRD and SEM. The best catalytic cracking of Off Grade CPO was carried out by 0.5% w/w Co-Mo(1:1)/α-Fe2O3 catalyst which produced biogasoline yield of 31.37%. The characteristics of the best synthesized biogasoline included density of 0.77 g/cm3, viscosity of 2.561 cSt, refractive index of 1.454, acid number of 56.793 mg KOH/g, and iodine number of 100.515 g I2/100 g. The main component of biogasoline was undecane compound. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia