Rini Retnosari, Rafika Rizki Mutiarahma, Siti Marfu'ah, Sutrisno Sutrisno, Aman Santoso, Ihsan Budi Rachman
In the previous study, the 9-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4,5,6,7,9-hexahydro-1H-xanthene-1,8(2H)-dione has been successfully synthesized using lime juice as a green catalyst. Condition optimization was still needed to enhance the reaction yield. In this research, the compound has been synthesized using lime juice assisted by ultrasonic irradiation. The use of ultrasonic waves aimed to enhance product yield and reduce reaction time and temperature when lime juice was applied as the catalyst at the reaction. The non-catalyst compound was synthesized using water as a solvent and assisted by ultrasonic irradiation, producing a yield of 45.16%. In contrast, the lime juice catalyst synthesized product brings a higher yield of 89.03%. This study discusses the role of lime juice catalysts in improving yield percentage and decreasing reaction time and temperature. The synthesized compound 1 was in the form of white powder with a melting point of 228-230°C. GC-MS analysis of compound 1 confirms a single peak with a retention time of 15.497 minutes and a peak with an m/z value of 310.1 in the MS spectrum as molecular ion of the compound. The presence of a phenolic group at the compound induces its antibacterial activity. However, the antibacterial test showed that the compound has weak antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and no activity against Staphylococcus aureus. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Regional Environment System Department, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 108-8548, Japan