Hendra Susanto, Adeodatus Yuda Handaya, Wira Eka Putra, Nadilah Nur Anggraeni, Bay Ummu Sakinatuz Zakiah, Fitriana Hadayani, Moch Sholeh, Sa'diyatul Rizqie Amaliyah Firdauz, Arum Linangkung, Rianto Prabowo, Chrisna Budi Satriyo
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) ranks as the third-highest cause of mortality with a short survival rate. Significantly, the prevalence of CRC among Indonesian was markedly increased in the last decade. The late diagnosis and severity of patients due to metastasis are the significant contributors to the high mortality. In addition, it is suggested that some potential proteins related to metastasis may induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and patient death. This preliminary study seeks to evaluate the expression of metastasis protein including Snail, ZEB-1, Twist, and Slug in Indonesian CRC samples. In this case study, seven fresh tumor samples were processed for total RNA isolation, followed by gene expression analysis using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. A similar Snail, ZEB-1, Twist, and Slug expression pattern is observed in subjects with stadium III-IV. Those genes expression significantly increased in-stadium III and decreased gradually in the next stadium. The interaction between all metastatic genes enhances the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the early stage of metastasis by inhibiting the adhesion protein expression E-cadherin. Hence, the profiling of metastatic protein expression in the early stages of CRC is urgently required to prevent CRC progression and increase patient survival rate. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Divison of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia