Muhammad Roy Asrori, Aman Santoso, Sumari Sumari, Yana Fajar Prakasa
Biodiesel is classified as a high demand energy in Indonesia, so the production process needs to be optimized to be effective and efficient. Biodiesel production through the transesterification reaction always produces waste as a by-product, such as glycerol, residual fatty acids, residual alcohol, and residual alkaline species. The problem is that the separation of the mixture is still difficult to do. Many studies use traditional methods (such as washing and evaporation) and they cause to be ineffective. Alternatively, research needs to be expanded on the synthesis of materials with special designs for the separation of the mixture resulting from the transesterification reaction. Therefore, we review a unique material design, namely amphiphilic material. By design, this material is made as a heterogeneous inorganic material and it only has two solubility active sites, such as hydrophilic and hydrophobic. This material has been studied about the used method, the success of the synthesis, and its structural properties. Next, we have described the challenges and problems in the synthesis of this material. In addition, we have formulated a catalysis system design for the separation of the transesterified mixture, so that it can estimate the steps of the catalysis process of biodiesel synthesis. © 2023 Author(s).
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, 65145, Indonesia