Mohammad Taufiq Al Hakim Bahrudin, Gonga Sutradhar, Aiman Izmin, Hadi Nur, Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum, Abdul Hakim Md Yusop
Magnesium (Mg) is a promising biodegradable metal for orthopedic implants but is limited by rapid corrosion and low mechanical strength. In this study, a synergistic strategy combining bulk reinforcement and surface modification was developed using Mg–Fe–HA composites with a PLA/PVA/HA hybrid coating. The Mg–10Fe–5HA composition exhibited the highest mechanical strength and was selected for coating optimization. Corrosion performance evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the 9PLA/2PVA/20HA-coated sample achieved a significant reduction in corrosion rate from 3.24 to 0.13 mm/year (∼96%), with a decrease in corrosion current density from ∼136.16 to ∼5.58 µA/cm². EIS results confirmed enhanced barrier properties, while SEM revealed a dense, uniform coating with apatite formation. The novelty lies in the integrated Mg–Fe–HA composite and hybrid coating design, enabling simultaneous improvement in mechanical integrity, corrosion resistance, and bioactivity for biodegradable bone implant applications. © 2026 Elsevier Ltd
Materials Research & Consultancy Group (MRCG), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Johor Bharu, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Center of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy (CAMRY), Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Division of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
