Alif Rosyidah El Baroroh, Yuslinda Annisa, Sri Rahayu Lestari, Hendra Susanto, Abdul Gofur, Sunaryono
Garlic has several bioactive lipophilic, volatile and found low bioavailability that reduces the effectiveness of its active compounds. A novel drug delivery system is required to preserve the bioactive and enhance solubility. Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) can load extract that is formed from carrier oil (VCO), surfactant (Tween-80), and co-surfactant (Glycerol). The study aimed to investigate the responses, characterization, cytotoxicity and efficacy of SNEDDS of single clove garlic (Allium sativum L.) on the expression of TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-10 in vitro. The response test of SCGE-SNEDDS includes emulsification time, % transmission, pH and grade emulsion. The characterization of SGCE-SNEDDS was analyzed using particle size, PDI, and zeta potential. The toxicity test was determined with MTT assay and expression of cytokine TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 was determined using CLSM. The characteristics response emulsification time is 55.77 ± 6.69 seconds, % transmittance value of 78.86 ± 0.23%, and pH of 6.83 ± 0.72. The average particle size was 82.14 ± 18.12, Z-Average 0.38 ± 0.02 and zeta potential -33.07 ± 0.45 mV. The toxicity assay was determined in the 3T3-L1 cell line using MTT. SCGE-SNEDDS have a good response and characteristics, which are non-toxic, and have high cell viability. SCGE-SNEDDS formula potentially decreased the expression of TNF-α and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 cytokines in 3T3-L1 cells. Copyright © 2024 by Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (IJP).
Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl Semarang No. 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl Veteran, Ketawanggede, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl Semarang No. 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia