Mohamad Ashraff Alias, Harith Ahmad, Muhammad Khairol Annuar Zaini, Muhamad Zharif Samion, Muhammad Syamil Mohd Sa'ad, Lim Kok Sing, Kenneth T.V. Grattan, B.M. Azizur Rahman, Gilberto Brambilla, Siti Aisyah Reduan, Leonard Bayang, Mohammad Faizal Ismail
A compact fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based strain sensor has been developed by embedding an FBG inside a 3D-printed structure, allowing the comparison of FBG responses across different filaments such as polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and nylon. Results have shown that FBG embedded in TPU can be effective in the measurements of mechanical strain, giving a responsivity value of 17.70 pm/cm with outstanding linearity of 98 %. Furthermore, small-scale field testing conducted in below-ground environments has shown that strain sensors based on FBG embedded in TPU are the most effective. They offer a responsivity of 13.9 pm/kg with a small standard deviation and high linearity. Additionally, they have the highest temperature sensitivity value of 15.4 pm/°C compared to the other embedded FBGs. Therefore, for most industrial applications, the FBG embedded in TPU can be considered as an alternative to existing embedment methods for strain sensing applications. © 2023
Photonics Research Center, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute (UniKL BMI), Batu 8, Selangor, Jln Sungai Pusu, 53100, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jalan Semarang 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; School of Mathematics, Computer Science & Engineering, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, United Kingdom; Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
