Ferdy Syach Rahmadani Zakaria, Avita Ayu Permanasari, Poppy Puspitasari, Mohd Afzanizam Mohd Rosli, Sukarni Sukarni, M. Mirza Abdillah Pratama, Haslinda Kusumaningsih, Yunita Umniyati
The study focuses on using nanofluids with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and different surfactants to determine the optimal cooling mixture. A mixture of 1000 ml distilled water and 0.1% MWCNTs with surfactants cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) of 0.1% each was used. The PVT device was irradiated for 45 minutes with a light intensity of 1200 W/m2 to assess the thermal and electrical efficiency. The results indicate that the nanofluid with PVP has the highest thermal and electrical efficiency, followed by CTAB, no surfactant, SDS, and distilled water. The longer the irradiation time, the thermal efficiency tends to decrease due to less effective cooling, while the electrical efficiency increases. The increase is due to more photons being absorbed and the decrease is caused by the PVT surface becoming hot. It can be concluded that the addition of nanoparticles and surfactants to the base fluid can increase the efficiency of PVT. To increase the efficiency of PVT, nanofluids are needed that have high stability, high density, low viscosity, small specific heat, and high thermal conductivity. © 2024 Author(s).
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Centre of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy (CAMRY), Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Civil Engineering and Planning, Faculty of Engineering, State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, 76100, Malaysia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia; Physics Lab, Dept. Mechatronics, Swiss-German University, BSD City, Tangerang, Indonesia