Herunata Herunata, Roudlotul Jannah
Concepts in chemistry are abstract and interrelated, such as the concept of acid-base, which studies atoms, ions, molecules, and elements, so most students find these subjects difficult. To understand abstract concepts, a source and learning media are needed that can accommodate these difficulties, one of which is teaching materials. In teaching materials, abstract concepts can be illustrated with chemical representations and explained through representation competence. Based on the description above, this study aims to (1) develop and produce chemistry teaching materials based on conceptual understanding, chemical representation, and decent representational competence and (2) analyze the validity and readability tests of the teaching material products that have been developed. The development model used in this study is the 4-D (four D) model by Thiagarajan et al, which consists of defining, designing, developing and disseminating. However, the dissemination stage was not carried out due to time and cost constraints. This study uses quantitative and qualitative data types. Quantitative data were obtained from the calculation of the average and the percentage of validation results and readability on a Likert scale. The qualitative data are in the form of comments and suggestions from validators and students. The instruments used are validation questionnaire sheets and readability test questionnaires. The developed teaching material products were validated by two validators, a lecturer and a chemistry teacher. Quantitatively, the results of the validation of teaching materials are 93%, while the results of the readability test of teaching materials are 87%. Based on the percentage score of the validation and readability test results, the teaching materials that have been developed are included in the valid and very feasible criteria, and follow-up research can be carried out by developing further disseminating stages, which are able to test the effectiveness of teaching materials. © 2024 Author(s).
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java, Malang City, Indonesia