Ingelia Yuan Fernanda, Stella Jovita, Riki Subagyo, Khawiyatur Riv'ah Agustina, Rustam Tamim, Trias Alzatory Ersyada, Anjas Bimanyu, Didik Prasetyoko, Holilah Holilah, Nurul Asikin-Mijan, Hasliza Bahruji, Yahmin, Meyga Evi Ferama Sari, Habiddin Habiddin
The transition toward sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) requires efficient catalytic conversion of waste lipids into jet-fuel-range hydrocarbons. However, developing structurally stable mesoporous catalysts with high activity remains a key challenge. In this study, mesoporous aluminosilicate (MA) was synthesized via combined sol–gel and hydrothermal methods using nanocellulose as a biodegradable hard template. Compared with conventional soft templates (P123), nanocellulose enhances mesopore rigidity, promoting strong interactions with silicate and aluminate precursors and thereby improving structural stability and framework robustness. Ni and bimetallic (NiCo, NiFe, NiMo) catalysts supported on MA were evaluated for the conversion of used coconut oil at 360 °C. The introduction of metal species increased Lewis acidity and metal–support interactions, although partial pore blocking was observed. H2-TPR indicated improved reducibility, while XPS analysis confirmed the presence of Ni2+ and Mo6+ species. Among the catalysts, NiMo/MA achieved the highest oil conversion (97%), liquid yield (62%), and hydrocarbon yield (48%), with a preference for C8–C16 hydrocarbons (58.77%), corresponding to the jet-fuel range. The enhanced performance of NiMo/MA is attributed to the combined effects of its bimetallic composition, mesoporous framework, and acidity, which together facilitate deoxygenation to jet-fuel-range hydrocarbons. © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia; Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), South Tangerang, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Bangi, 43600 UKM, Malaysia; Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jl. Tungku Link, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
