Muhamad R. S. Sidik, Irwan Kurnia, Yessi Permana, Ubed S. F. Arrozi, Wirawan Ciptonugraha, Witri Wahyu Lestari, Yudha P. Budiman
The Chan-Evans-Lam coupling refers to a valuable method for constructing C-O and C-N bonds under mild conditions. Nevertheless, the development of efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalysts remains limited. In this study, we investigated copper-based metal-organic frameworks as catalysts for C-O bond formation between 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid and phenol. The study revealed that HKUST-1 exhibited a significant enhancement in performance when compared to Cu-BDC, yielding up to 86% at room temperature and demonstrating superior accessibility of Cu2+ active sites. A systematic optimization of reaction parameters identified NEt3 as the most effective base, DCM as the optimal solvent, and a mild temperature increase to 40 °C as the key factor enabling a maximum yield of 94%. Studies on recyclability demonstrated that HKUST-1 exhibited high catalytic performance over multiple cycles without significant structural degradation, as confirmed by PXRD analysis. Overall, this work highlights HKUST-1 as an efficient, robust, and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for Chan-Evans-Lam C-O coupling, thus demonstrating its potential for sustainable synthetic applications. © (2025), (Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia). All right reserved.
Department of Chemistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia; Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Research Division, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, State University of Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Chemistry Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
