Uzma Tanveer, Majid Niaz Akhtar, Asif Jamil, Marcus Vinicius Castegnaro, Shagufta Gulbadan, Maira Younas, Imran Shakir, Zainab Mufarreh Elqahtani, Sami Ullah, Muhammad Azhar Khan, M.S. Al-Buriahi
Designing meta-absorbers in the high-frequency range with improved absorption and dissipation remains difficult. Electromagnetic pollution from increased high-frequency radiation emitted by electronic devices significantly affects humans and other living beings. Key to addressing these issues is the synthesis of ferrite and the development of related meta-absorbers. Nd3+-doped Sr2Co2 Y-type hexagonal ferrites (YHFs) with the composition Sr2Co2Fe12−xNdxO22, where 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.075, were prepared via the sol–gel auto-combustion method. The effects of Nd3+ doping on structural, spectral, and dielectric properties were thoroughly investigated. Characterisation was performed using XRD, FTIR, Raman, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Dielectric properties of the Nd3+-doped ferrites were examined to assess charge carrier mobility across different frequencies. XRD confirmed the presence of the Y phase in the samples, with lattice parameters' a from 5.871 to 5.900 Å and ‘c’ from 111.76 to 112.23 Å, indicating lattice stretching. Crystallite sizes ranged from 16.40 to 20.19 nm. FTIR spectra showed absorption bands between 4000 and 500 cm−1. UV–Vis analysis revealed enhanced absorption due to Nd3+ doping. Raman spectra displayed multiple broad peaks. Dielectric parameters such as ε', ε'', a, c, tanδ, M', and M'' were measured at room temperature across 1 to 6 GHz. Changes in dielectric behaviour were explained using the Maxwell–Wagner model. Cole–Cole plots indicated that Nd3+ substitution significantly affects magnetic relaxation dynamics, demonstrated by variations in impedance responses. The sample with x = 0.050 achieved reflection-loss maxima of − 42.11 dB at 1.38 GHz and − 58.10 dB at 3.21 GHz. TE mode absorption was enhanced by Nd doping, although absorption decreased with increasing incidence angle from 0 to 60 degrees. These excellent dielectric properties, along with additional characterisation, support their use for microwave attenuation. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2026.
Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan; Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
