Kuncoro Diharjo, Femiana Gapsari, Andoko Andoko, Renny Septiari, Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Suchart Siengchin
Hydrolysis process involves determining the parameters of the sulfuric acid concentration and exact mixing time and temperature. To optimize the nano cellulose yield from timoho fiber (TF), an experimental design was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) to obtain a combination of hydrolysis process parameters resulting in maximum nano cellulose. The combination of 37.5% H2SO4 at 45◦C for 90 min produced the maximum nano cellulose yield of 84.95%. The combination of parameters was confirmed and characterized using thermal analysis, FTIR FE-SEM, XRD, and TEM. The combination result of process parameters in this study could be used as a reference in nano cellulose production using hydrolysis. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami 36, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Brawijaya University, MT Haryono 167, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, State University of Malang, Semarang 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Institute of Technology (ITN), Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand