Zafira Fatimah Azzahra, Parwati Sofan, Ike Sari Astuti, Trinah Wati
Viewing the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon through the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) framework offers a refined perspective for understanding urban thermal dynamics. This morphology-based approach enables systematic analysis of spatial and seasonal UHI variations. This study maps and evaluates seasonal UHI patterns in the Jakarta metropolitan area (Jakarta, Depok, Tangerang Raya, and Bekasi Raya) during 2014-2024. Land Surface Temperature (LST) was derived from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS using the mono-window algorithm, while LCZ classification was obtained from the World Urban Database Portal and Access Tool (WUDAPT). Seasonal LST composites - December-February (DJF), March-May (MAM), June-August (JJA), and September-November (SON) - were averaged over 10 years to produce stable thermal patterns. UHI intensity was calculated as the LST difference between each pixel and the rural reference zone, then analyzed by LCZ class. Results show that LCZ 3 (compact low-rise) consistently recorded the highest LST, reaching 45.7 C in Jakarta during SON, followed by MAM as the second hottest season. The highest seasonal UHI occurred in LCZ 8 (large low-rise) in Bekasi Raya during MAM (8.64 C), with Jakarta (SON), Tangerang Raya (MAM), and Depok (MAM) in LCZ 3 peaking at 6.43 C , 7.54 C, and 5.60 C, respectively. Dense built-up LCZs (LCZ 1-3, LCZ 8, LCZ 10) contributed most to UHI intensity, while vegetated zones (LCZ 11-14,16-17) consistently exhibited negative values. These findings confirm the LCZ approach's effectiveness in capturing thermal heterogeneity and supporting climate-sensitive urban planning in tropical megacities. © 2025 IEEE.
Universitas Negeri Malang, Geography Department, Malang, Indonesia; National Research and Innovation Agency, Research Center for Geoinformatics, Bandung, Indonesia; Indonesia Agency For Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysiscs (BMKG), Jakarta, Indonesia
