Maurish Sofie Rahmi Batita, Yau-Jane Chen, Saida Ulfa
Campus closures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as an abrupt shift in teaching and learning practices, heralded a new era in education. Through reviving Moore's Transactional Distance Theory, this study involves the specific investigation of instructional experiences and evidence during the pandemic era. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
Information Technology Education, Department of Information System, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; Center for Teacher Education and Graduate Institute of Education, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Educational Technology, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
