Marsya Aulia Rizkita, Hadi Suwono, Singgih Dwi Prasetyo
This study aims to evaluate the technical and economic performance of the hybrid solar panel and biogas power generation system to support the operation of the electric vehicle charging station in Malang City. The system is designed in two network scenarios, namely grid and off-grid, and analyzed using PVsyst software and HOMER Pro. The simulation results show that the off-grid configuration produces 1,054,693 kWh/year of energy, while the on-grid scenario achieves 985,216 kWh/year. The Performance Ratio value of the photovoltaic system is 0.83, reflecting relatively high reliability in humid tropical climate conditions. Economically, the off-grid system has a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of IDR 1,825.07/kWh with a payback period of 4.13 years, while the on-grid scenario shows an LCOE of IDR 3,610.73/kWh with a payback period of 2.64 years. This study shows that integrating hybrid systems is feasible as a clean and efficient energy solution to support the electric vehicle ecosystem, especially in urban areas with high renewable energy potential. © 2025 The authors.
Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65146, Indonesia; Center of Research and Innovation in STEM Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65146, Indonesia; Power Plant Engineering Technology, Faculty of Vocational Studies, State University of Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
