Erni Yulianti, Mau Firotul Rohmah, Tarisa Dini Amelia, Muhammad Fajar Marsuki, Agung Mulyo Setiawan, Sugiyanto, Fatin Aliah Phang Binti Abdullah
The field of education is strongly influenced by technological advances, which generate new learning patterns and require rapid adaptation. The study of the Earth and the Solar System presents difficulties due to the impossibility of direct observation, making the use of teaching aids necessary. However, many teachers still teach classes without resorting to these resources, limiting the effectiveness of the teaching-learning process. The objective of this research was to design and develop web-based teaching aids using Google Sites to improve students' conceptual understanding of the Earth and the Solar System. The study was conducted using a Research and Development (R&D) approach following the ADDIE model and using a single-group pre-experimental design with pre- and post-tests. The validity of the product was verified by experts, and the effectiveness test yielded an effect size d' of 3.07, demonstrating a significant influence on improving students' conceptual understanding. The results show that the use of interactive media such as Google Sites facilitates learning and strengthens understanding of concepts. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Department of Science Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Center of Research and Innovation in STEM Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Innovative Science and Mathematics Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Center for Engineering Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
