KaiXuan Gan, A.A. Salim, S.K. Ghoshal, Nandang Mufti, Hazri Bakhtiar
The development of nanoparticles (NPs) with desired performance and controlled physiochemical characteristics for industrial wastewater treatment remains a significant challenge. The toxicity, non-biodegradation and potentially carcinogenic properties of various chemicals in wastewater posed much environmental concerns. To overcome these issues, some novel titanium dioxide embedded graphene oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs embedded GO) with high-quality were synthesized at various laser energies (50 to 250 mJ) under constant laser wavelength (1064 nm) and pulse width (10 ns) via a versatile, sustainable, and powerful pulse laser ablation in liquid technique. The influence of varying laser energies (50 to 250 mJ) on the physical, optical and structural properties of the prepared TiO2 NPs embedded GO was determined. Characterisation methods like UV-Vis, Fluorescence (FL) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were utilized. The absorption and FL spectra of TiO2 NPs embedded GO exhibited a prominent peak around 267 to 289 nm and at 465 nm, respectively. In addition, the NPs displayed excellent colour temperature (4692.9-5119.7 K), colour purity (21.6-28.2%) and quantum yield (0.28-0.33). FTIR spectra of NPs showed the chemical functional groups of TiO2 NPs embedded GO stretching vibrations, indicating strong interaction between TiO2 and GO. The findings revealed that the adjustment of laser energy had significant impact on the particle size, structural uniformity, and electronic properties of the prepared NPs. The proposed NPs having non-toxicity, enhanced surface energy and functionalization may offer a promising solution for wastewater treatment and pollution control application. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia; Laser Centre, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (ISI-SIR, CsNano), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia; Center of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Wasit, Wasit, Iraq
