Nur Fadhila Rasyida Salwa, Muchamad Wahyu Prasetyo, Aripriharta, Puji Handayati, Zainal Arifin, Ahmad Munjin Nasih, Zhi-Hao Wang
Human trafficking, particularly of women and children, remains a major challenge in the ASEAN region, including Indonesia. This study aims to design and develop a prototype of smart shoes based on wearable technology integrated with a location tracking system and emotion monitoring through heart rate analysis. The prototype is ergonomically designed and equipped with biometric sensors (Max30102) and a GPS module, with data transmitted in real-time to a mobile application. The research methodology employs the Research and Development (R&D) model by Borg & Gall, encompassing design, expert validation, small-scale to large-scale testing, and user evaluation. Test results showed heart rate detection accuracy with an MAE value of 3.55 BPM and RMSE of 4.22 BPM, as well as location tracking accuracy with low latitude and longitude coordinate deviations (MAE < 0.0003). Evaluation of female adolescent users indicated that the device is comfortable to use and the app interface is easy to understand. This research offers an innovative technology-based solution for real-time detection of children's emotional states and locations, which has the potential to be used in efforts to prevent and address human trafficking cases, as well as other security and health monitoring applications. ©2025 IEEE.
Department of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
