Trianingsih Eni Lestari, Swasono Rahardjo, Andi Daniah Pahrany, Nur Atikah, Alvina Kurnia Faradila, Mutiara El Hikmah
This study analyzes the effectiveness of two variogram approaches, spherical variogram and exponential variogram, that can identify spatial patterns by modeling the spatial variability of housing prices in Malang Raya. In comparison with earlier studies that exclusively focused on either the city of Malang or the Malang regency, this study encompasses a more extensive area, encompassing the entire Malang Raya region. This study provides a more specific approach by evaluating the accuracy of the variogram model in identifying spatial patterns of housing prices. The data used are secondary housing price data from January to December 2023. Data analysis models and visualizes the variogram using Geographic Information System (GIS) software and the R Studio statistical package. The analytical results reveal that the spherical variogram is more reliable in detecting price variations at different scales since it has a lower sum squared error (SSE) value than the exponential variogram. These findings provide valuable insight for housing developers and policymakers making informed decisions about property pricing in the Malang Raya area. © 2025 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
