Ubed S.F. Arrozi, Istifhamy Irnanda, Muhammad R. Pratama, Yessi Permana, Siti H. Qurbayni, Witri W. Lestari, Wirawan Ciptonugroho, Husni W. Wijaya, Yudha P. Budiman
Post-synthetic modification of a zirconium-based Metal-Organic Frameworks, MOF-808, with VOSO4 has been performed. Its potential as a catalyst in the etherification reaction of furfuryl alcohol (FOL) with 2-propanol to form isopropyl furfuryl ether (iPrFE) and isopropyl levulinate (iPrL) was evaluated with thermocatalytic and UV-assisted thermocatalytic reaction systems. Under optimized conditions, the UV-assisted thermocatalytic system achieved over 99 % conversion of FOL within 90 min, yielding 65 % iPrFE and 29 % iPrL. This performance significantly surpassed that of the conventional thermocatalytic process, which reached 93 % FOL conversion and a 64 % yield of iPrFE and 25 % yield of iPrL after 300 min at 150 °C. Kinetic and thermodynamic analyses indicated a pseudo-first-order reaction mechanism with an activation energy of 28.3 kJ/mol. In addition, the calculated ΔH‡, ΔS‡, and ΔG‡ were 25 kJ/mol, −195 J/mol·K, and 98 kJ/mol, respectively. The catalyst's heterogeneity was confirmed, highlighting a viable pathway for renewable iPrFE production with improved efficiency. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36, Kentingan-Jebres Surakarta, Central Java, 57126, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36, Kentingan-Jebres Surakarta, Central Java, 57126, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
