Risky Virga Pramudya, Markus Diantoro, Herlin Pujiarti, Reza Akbar Pahlevi, Alma Nur Roisatul Masruhah, Agung Saputro, Moh. Hafidhuddin Karim, Goh Boon Tong
The electricity crisis is a crucial issue for daily needs. Currently, electricity generation still relies on fossil fuels and coal, which contribute to environmental pollution. Therefore, renewable energy sources are needed that do not have negative environmental impacts, one of which is thermoelectric technology. Thermoelectric technology can directly convert heat energy into electrical energy. This technology utilizes materials that can capture thermal energy and transform it into electrical energy. This research focuses on developing and optimizing CuS materials by enhancing their thermoelectric efficiency through doping Sb and incorporated CuSO4 to CuS. Cu1-xSbxS-CuSO4 is considered a new thermoelectric material due to its multi-element composition, and have superiority low cost, easy availability, and environmental friendliness, making it a promising eco-friendly thermoelectric material with significant development potential. CuS-CuSO4 material with Sb doping is synthesized using the coprecipitation method. Once the CuS-CuSO4 powder with Sb doping is obtained, it is formed into pellets using the cold press method and characterized using XRD, SEM-EDX, and LZT. The XRD results show changes in the pattern with the addition of Sb doping, indicated by a peak shift at 2θ from 47.97° to 48.24°. Additionally, crystal size decreases with increasing Sb doping, starting from 33.3 nm for CuS-CuSO4, 33.2 nm 33.2 nm for Cu0.96Sb0.04S-CuSO4, and 25.6 nm for Cu0.92Sb0.08S-CuSO4. SEM results reveal that the morphology of Cu1-xSbxS-CuSO4 appears as evenly distributed clumps. Seebeck coefficient of the samples move up at 443 K with additional Sb doping, reaching a highest value of 739.8 μV K1 for Cu0.92Sb0.08S-CuSO4. Electrical conductivity decreases with more Sb doping, with the lowest value of 163.4 S cm-1 for Cu0.92Sb0.08S-CuSO4. The power factor increases with higher doping levels, achieving a peak value of 89.4 μW cm1 K2 for Cu0.92Sb0.08S-CuSO4 © 2025 Author(s).
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Centre of Advanced Materials and Renewable Energy, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
