N. Carlin, J.Y. Cho, J.J. Choi, S. Choi, A.C. Ezeribe, L.E. França, C. Ha, I.S. Hahn, S.J. Hollick, S.B. Hong, E.J. Jeon, H.W. Joo, W.G. Kang, M. Kauer, B.H. Kim, H.J. Kim, J. Kim, K.W. Kim, S.H. Kim, S.K. Kim, W.K. Kim, Y.D. Kim, Y.H. Kim, Y.J. Ko, D.H. Lee, E.K. Lee, H. Lee, H.Y. Lee, I.S. Lee, J. Lee, J.Y. Lee, M.H. Lee, S.H. Lee, S.M. Lee, Y.J. Lee, D.S. Leonard, N.T. Luan, V.H.A. Machado, B.B. Manzato, R.H. Maruyama, R.J. Neal, S.L. Olsen, H.K. Park, H.S. Park, J.C. Park, J.S. Park, K.S. Park, K. Park, S.D. Park, R.L.C. Pitta, H. Prihtiadi, S.J. Ra, C. Rott, K.A. Shin, D.F.F.S. Cavalcante, M.K. Son, N.J.C. Spooner, L.T. Truc, L. Yang, G.H. Yu, J. Amaré, J. Apilluelo, S. Cebrián, D. Cintas, I. Coarasa, E. García, M. Martínez, Y. Ortigoza, A. Ortiz De Solórzano, T. Pardo, J. Puimedón, M.L. Sarsa, C. Seoane
The annual modulation signal, claimed to be consistent with dark matter as observed by DAMA/LIBRA in a sodium-iodide based detector, has persisted for over two decades. COSINE-100 and ANAIS-112 were designed to test the claim directly using the same target material. COSINE-100, located at Yangyang Underground Laboratory in South Korea, and ANAIS-112, located at Canfranc Underground Laboratory in Spain, have been taking data since 2016 and 2017, respectively. Each experiment published its respective results independently. In this Letter, we present the results of an annual modulation search as a test of the signal observed by DAMA/LIBRA with the first three respective years of data from COSINE-100 and ANAIS-112. Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, we find best fit values for modulation amplitude of -0.0002±0.0026 cpd/kg/keV in the 1-6 keV and 0.0021±0.0028 cpd/kg/keV in the 2-6 keV energy regions. These results are not compatible with DAMA/LIBRA's assertion for their observation of annual modulation at 3.7σ and 2.6σ, respectively. Performing a simple combination of the newly released 6-year datasets from both experiments finds values consistent with no modulation at 0.0005±0.0019 cpd/kg/keV in the 1-6 keV and 0.0027±0.0021 cpd/kg/keV in the 2-6 keV energy regions with 4.7σ and 3.5σ respective exclusions of the DAMA/LIBRA signal. © 2025 American Physical Society.
Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, South Korea; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom; Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06973, South Korea; Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, South Korea; Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea; IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, South Korea; Department of Physics, Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, 06520, CT, United States; Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, 53706, WI, United States; Department of Physics, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea; Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, South Korea; Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea; Department of Physics and IQS, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea; Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112, UT, United States; Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, 92093, CA, United States; Centro de Astropartículas y Física de Altas Energías (CAPA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain; Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, Paseo de Los Ayerbe S.n., Canfranc Estación, Huesca, 22880, Spain; Escuela Universitaria Politécnica de la Almunia de Doña Godina (EUPLA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Calle Mayor 5, La Almunia de Doña Godina, Zaragoza, 50100, Spain
