Shih-Yu Chang, Eri Yanuar Akhmad Budi Sunaryo, Kristamuliana Kristamuliana, Huan-Fang Lee, Ching-Min Chen
Background: The global nursing shortage threatens health care systems. While many systematic reviews have examined factors influencing nurse turnover, the results have exhibited inconsistent findings. Purpose: This umbrella review holistically synthesizes systematic reviews to identify factors impacting nurse retention and supporting evidence-based practices. Methods: This umbrella review was conducted in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Systematic reviews on factors influencing nurse retention were included, with no restrictions on language or publication year, and were retrieved from six databases up to May 2024. Discussion: A total of six systematic reviews with 104 studies were analyzed. The major factors were organizational (58.9%), individual (33%), and cultural (7.8%). The most mentioned themes included personal factors, job characteristics, the significance of work, attitudes toward the organization, leadership, and teamwork. Conclusion: The related factors of nurse turnover are complicated, with organizational elements being the primary contributors. Managers can identify these organizational factors while also considering individual-level influences. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia; School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Taiwan Holistic Care Evidence Implementation Center: A JBI Affiliation Center, Taichung, Taiwan
