Shannastaniar Aisya ADIF, Susan Jane FETZER, Miaofen YEN, Huan-Fang LEE, Mei-Feng LIN, Yu-Yun HSU
Aim: This study aimed to develop and validate the DigiNurse e-learning program to enhance digital competence among nursing students across Taiwan, Vietnam and Indonesia. Background: As digital health tools reshape healthcare delivery, nursing students must be equipped with digital competence. However, current educational approaches in nursing programs remain fragmented, with limited integration and minimal expert-validated frameworks. Design: A modified Delphi study was conducted to establish consensus on the content validity of four digital competence modules and their associated post-tests. Methods: The DigiNurse program was developed in alignment with the validated domains of the Digital Competence Assessment Checklist (DCAC), which guided both content design and the generation of post-test items. Twelve experts in nursing informatics and education evaluated the modules using a 7-point Likert scale across five criteria: content alignment, clarity, relevance, engagement and assessment. Post-tests, linked directly to module learning objectives, were iteratively refined based on expert feedback, including the transformation of items into scenario- and case-based formats to target higher-order cognitive domains. Consensus was defined as ≥ 75 % agreement with quartile deviation < 0.8. Results: High consensus (≥82 %) was achieved across all domains, with full agreement on content alignment and clarity. Refinements strengthened interactivity and assessment strategies, ensuring pedagogical rigor and learner-centered design. Conclusions: The DigiNurse e-learning program demonstrates strong content validity, cultural adaptability and pedagogical soundness. Future implementation and learner-centered evaluation are essential to assess its effectiveness in improving digital competence among nursing students in academic and clinical environments. © 2025
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, State University of Malang, Indonesia; Department of Nursing, College of Health and Human Services, University of New Hampshire, United States
