Purna Bayu Nugroho, Puguh Darmawan
This case study aimed to examine the expansion of students' ZPD by providing e-scaffolding on integer problem-solving. This study's subjects were seven-grade junior high school students in Malang, Indonesia. The subject retrieval technique used was the snowball sampling technique. This research data are students' oral answers, interview recordings, and researcher notes. The instruments of this research are researchers, integer problems, e-scaffolding materials, audio recording devices, researchers' notes, and interview guidelines. The data analysis technique used in this research is interactive data analysis technique, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation methods used are written tests and interviews. Source triangulation was conducted on 10 different subjects from two categories, namely subjects who answered correctly after being given scaffolding once and subjects who answered correctly after receiving scaffolding twice. This study concluded that the category of two research subjects expanded their respective ZPDs although the process of achieving this differed. Subject 1 as a subject in category 1 could understand and expand ZPD in one e-scaffolding treatment so that he could determine the right answer to the problem given. Meanwhile, Subject 2 as a subject in category 2 was able to expand S2's ZPD after understanding the scaffolding given for the second time. This proves that with the same treatment, everyone expands their ZPD with different areas and times. Suggestions for further research are to develop e-scaffolding that helps students' basic understanding. © 2025 Author(s).
Mathematics Education Study Program, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi, Kotabumi, Indonesia; Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
