Eka Safitri, Nazaruddin Nazaruddin, Dalia Qurrattu Aini, Muhammad Ridho Afifi, Khairi Suhud, Faizatul Shimal Mehamod, Sagir Alva, Rinawati, Nurul Hidayat, Cut Nanda Nurbadriani, Muhammad Jurej Alhamdi
Ion-selective membrane technology is a key for accurately measuring specific ions in different solutions. A study on Al3+ ion selective electrodes (ISEs) based on polyurethane (PU) membranes using an active substance, i.e., 1,10-phenanthroline, was successfully conducted. The results showed the highest sensitivity and linear range with a PU membrane composition of castor oil, toluene diisocyanate, 1,10-phenanthroline, and acetone in the ratio of 37.80 : 18.90 : 43.20 : 0.10 (%w/w) and internal solution composition 0.1 : 0.1 (M) of KCl and Al(NO3)3 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis indicated the presence of urethane bonds at a wavenumber of 3390 cm−1. 1,10-Phenanthroline aromatic C 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 11111111 00000000 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 C and C–N functional group peaks appeared at wavenumbers of 1600 cm−1 and 1325 cm−1, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization suggested a decrease in the degree of crystallinity of PU, PU/Phen membranes, and PU/Phen/Al. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the PU/Phen/Al membrane had a homogeneous dense outer layer and tended to be porous in the inner layer, and the Al3+ ISE system showed an average sensitivity, linear range, and detection limit of 19.94 ± 0.26 mV/decade, 10−10–10−4 M (R2 = 0.998), and 5.17 × 10−12 M, respectively. Furthermore, the ISE had a response time of 180 s, was stable in the pH range of 6–8 and allowed 33 days of use without any interference from foreign ions. The recovery was in the range of 99.21–101.57%. Therefore, the prepared PU/Phen/Al membrane is promising for ISE sensors, especially for the detection of Al3+ ions. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Advanced Nano Materials (ANoMa) Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Malaysia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, West Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; PT PLN (Persero), Makassar System Load Dispatch Center, Indonesia
