Dwi Putranto Riau, Abdurrahman Rahim Thaha, Siti Aisyah, Florentina Ratih Wulandari, Dwi Siswahyudi, Guntur Bagus Pamungkas
Building occupancy certification is a key mechanism for managing post-construction compliance, covering building safety, functional readiness, and legal operability. In Indonesia, this function is carried by the SLF (Sertifikat Laik Fungsi, Certificate of Functional Worthiness), yet fewer than 10% of buildings nationwide hold one. This study asks what drives participation in SLF certification, looking at both behavioural and system-level factors within the country’s digital building certification system. Using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design, we analysed 270 valid survey responses from Semarang, Sidoarjo, and Bandung with partial least squares–structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), then drew on focus group discussions (FGDs) with government officials, consultants, technical experts, and business associations to interpret the results. The quantitative results show that intention to obtain an SLF is the strongest predictor of participation, supported by knowledge and perceived ease of use of the SIMBG (Sistem Informasi Manajemen Bangunan Gedung, Building Management Information System) platform. Technical and bureaucratic barriers did not show a statistically significant negative effect in the expected direction. However, the qualitative findings reveal that high consultant costs, weak document validation, inconsistent local requirements, limited technical staff capacity, and unclear institutional coordination remain important obstacles in the certification workflow. The study contributes to engineering management by repositioning SLF participation as part of a digital building compliance management process rather than merely an administrative or public service issue. The findings indicate that improving SLF participation requires not only awareness campaigns, but also workflow-level interventions, including document pre-checking, standardised technical submission templates, cost estimation tools, application tracking, and clearer coordination between central platform managers and local technical agencies. © 2026 by the author(s).
Graduate School of Public Administration Study Program, Universitas Terbuka, Tangerang Selatan, 15437, Indonesia; Business Administration Study Program, Universitas Terbuka, Tangerang Selatan, 15437, Indonesia; Environmental Engineering Department, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Urban and Regional Planning Study Program, Universitas Terbuka, Tangerang Selatan, 15437, Indonesia
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