Ibrahim Zakariya’u, Pramod K. Singh, Monika Michalska, Markus Diantoro, Muhd Zu Azhan Yahya, Mustafa A. Alheety, Suneyana Rawat, Rahul Johari
In this study, a polymer electrolyte—composed of poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) as the host polymer, doped with the ionic liquid tributylmethylphosphonium iodide (TMPI)—is synthesized for use as an electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The ionic conductivity of the PEMA:TMPI polymer electrolyte is determined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is observed that the conductivity of the polymer electrolyte increases in the presence of the ionic liquid, reaching a maximum value of 5.08 × 10−4 S/cm with 20 wt.% TMPI under ambient conditions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the complexation between PEMA and TMPI. X-ray diffraction and polarized light microscopy studies confirm the alteration of the polymer's crystallinity. The photovoltaic performance of the DSSC fabricated with the optimized polymer electrolyte demonstrated a solar conversion efficiency of 1.45% under solar illumination. © The Author(s) 2026.
Department of Physics and Environmental Sciences, Centre of Excellence in Solar Cell and Renewable Energy, Sharda School of Engineering and Sciences, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, 201310, India; Department of Chemistry and Physico-Chemical Processes, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB-Technical ˇ University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, Ostrava, 708 00, Czech Republic; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia; Al-Hikma University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Trinity Institute of Innovations in Professional Studies, Knowledge Park III, Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, 201310, India
