Ema Tri Alvianti, Markus Diantoro, Herlin Pujiarti
The addition of SnO2 with high electron mobility has the potential to improve Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) performance, especially SnO2 nanofiber, which has a direct electron path, and high porosity, thereby facilitating optimal dye and electrolyte absorption. This study examines the effect of annealing temperature (300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C) on the structural, morphological, optical, and performance characteristics of multilayer TiO2 nanoparticle/SnO2 nanofiber DSSC. The methods used were screen printing for TiO2 deposition and electrospinning to obtain SnO2 nanofiber. The results demonstrate that DSSC with TiO2 nanoparticles/SnO2 nanofiber photoanode annealed at 500 °C has the highest efficiency of 3.74%. This is attributed to the sample exhibiting the highest porosity of 68.14%, a small resistance ( R CT ), and an electron lifetime of 2.02 ms which indicates a low charge recombination rate and increased charge transfer. Copyright © 2026. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Center of Advanced Materials and Renewable Energy, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
