Apif M. Hajji, Michael P. Lewis, Aisyah Larasati
The use of bulldozer in construction projects determines a vast number of diesel consumption, emissions and the portion of total cost of the project. Construction equipment operators need a method that can be utilized to predict and quantify not only the cost, but also the diesel consumption and emissions of construction projects, particularly for bulldozer's activities. The main purpose of this paper is to propose an E3, the predicting tool for the economic, energy, and environmental impact of the use of bulldozer. The tool was developed by using the productivity rate model of bulldozer to the US EPA's NONROAD model. The results show that the bulldozer's productivity model can be used as the platform for predicting the total cost and diesel consumption that will be required and the total expected emissions for the project. © 2017 Author(s).
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Oklahoma State University, United States; Industrial Engineering Study Program, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
